Theories of Stress and Stress Management

Hypotheses of Stress and Stress Management Brain science and Management of Stress Jane Jerard Layout and assess Selye’s (1956) General Adaptation Syndrome of stress Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome of Stress is a model that examinations an individual’s reaction to long haul pressure which is separated into three principle organizes, the underlying caution stage, the interval opposition stage lastly the fatigue stage (Nicky Hayes, 1994). On the off chance that the stressor perseveres the individual will advance through every one of the stages, and now and again infection and even demise can result. During the caution stage the body responds to the stressor with a ‘fight or flight’ reaction in which the parasympathetic sensory system is actuated and hormones (for example adrenalin and noradrenaline) are discharged from the adrenal medulla (Richard Gross, 2010). In the event that the stressor remains, the body at that point goes into the opposition stage during which it might ostensibly seem, by all accounts, to be working regularly, anyway levels of blood glucose, cortisol (animated by adrenocorticotrophic hormones known as ACTH) and adrenaline stay higher than typical and the individual’s pulse, circulatory strain and breathing will be higher than ordinary. The individual may seem quiet yet they are truly and intellectually at ‘action stations’ (currentnursing.com, 2014). During the last, depletion stage the further arrival of ACTH is repressed by the hormones it has just animated and the degrees of ACTH itself flowing in the blood. Now the body starts to go through its vitality stores or assets and the body can't work sufficiently. Glucose levels drop and the individual gets defenseless against infection and demise. As Nicky Hayes (1994, p450) states ‘This [final stage] produces a quick and solid †here and there over the top †response to even mellow wellsprings of extra stress’. As a model of pressure, the General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) is centered fundamentally around the bodies’ physiological reaction to stretch. It doesn't consider different elements affecting an individual’s reaction to stress, for example, their considerations, discernments or emotions and how these subjective and mental components sway upon their experience of pressure itself (garysturt, 2004). In any case the GAS was a gigantically powerful model which produced a ton of further examination (currentnursing.com, 2014). Folkman Lazarus’ (1984) Cognitive Appraisal Theory of stress Not at all like the GAS model of pressure, the Cognitive Appraisal Theory of stress centers around an individual’s discernment of a stressor which advises their passionate reaction. It is ‘a hypothesis of feeling which embroils people groups individual understanding of an occasion in deciding their passionate reaction’ (psychcentral, 2014). The manner by which an individual deciphers the stressor is huge and as indicated by Folkman and Lazarus we react to a distressing occasion or circumstance by making an essential evaluation, during which we survey whether the occasion is hurtful to us either truly or regarding our regard, center convictions and our qualities or objectives (Folkman, 1986). During the optional examination (which can happen previously, simultaneously or after essential evaluation) we consider whether we have the assets to deal with the stressor; the result of which influences our adapting methodology. Adapting techniques can be comprehended as either: issue based; where the stressor is seen as a test and we produce systems to oversee it or answers for expel it, or passionate based; where the issue is viewed as a danger that can't be settled and different adapting methodologies, for example, shirking, removing and acknowledgment are utilized (blackswanstress, 2014). As per the Cognitive Appraisal of Stress model at that point, because of a stressor we build up in the event that there is a danger, utilize adapting techniques and afterward rethinks the danger which brings about recognizable proof of enthusiastic reactions (Nicky Hayes, 1994). Stress is seen in a more value-based sense, as a two path process in which people react powerfully to their condition. Not at all like the GAS model at that point, psychological methodologies are of foremost significance and it is an increasingly liquid and responsive model, perceiving the significance of the person in every single pressure reaction. Concerning the contextual investigation, inspect the proof that there is a connection among character and stress. There is little question that life occasions can dramatically affect an individual’s emotional well-being, and even their physical wellbeing. Anyway an individual’s response to a stressor is abstract and impacted by their intellectual and mental cosmetics. An individual’s experience of pressure will rely on their character. Kobasa (1979) suggested that this reaction to upsetting occasions will be resolved to a limited extent by an individual’s toughness, with those low on solidness bound to encounter mental and physiological disease because of unpleasant life occasions, while those high on strength are cushioned to a limited degree from the impacts of pressure, utilizing research among administrators to back up this speculation. Solidness is to be comprehended as having a feeling of duty (both individual and business related), as having an interior locus of control and, as a positive reaction to change seeing it more as a test and less as a danger (psych.u ft.ed, 2014). Different investigations of character bolster the work done by Kobasa, for instance Ironson (2010) finished an examination on infection movement in HIV in which she found that ‘Those low on positive thinking (25th percentile) lost CD4 cells at a rate 1.55 occasions quicker than those high on confidence (75th percentile) †¦ reap[ing] medical advantages somewhat through conduct (proactive conduct), psychological (avoidant adapting), and emotional (discouragement) pathways’. Albeit a few investigations, for example, Funk Houston 1987, and Schmid Lawler 1986, have not upheld or repeated Kobasa’s discoveries it is accepted that at any rate regarding intellectual procedures, character and an individual’s abstract reaction to life circumstances (upsetting or not) straightforwardly sway their experience of pressure, and how much they experience pressure (fatih.edu.tr, 2014). Regarding the contextual analysis, Nick could be portrayed as having low degrees of solidness. In spite of the fact that his promise to his work appears to be high it is to the detriment of his feeling of pledge to himself (confirm by his constant inability to take a mid-day break). What's more his inclination wild may show that he has an outside locus of control lastly his unbending mentality towards his work life may recommend that he may battle with change, seeing it more as a danger and less as a chance. As per Kobasa et al, this could clarify why he abruptly experienced chest torments (which could be either a fit of anxiety or side effects of a heart condition). Nick’s GP endorsed the counter tension medication Benzodiazepine to assist him with adapting to pressure side effects. Quickly clarify how benzodiazapene takes a shot at the body Gamma-aminobutyric corrosive (GABA) is a normally happening synapse, which represses neuron movement in the cerebrum. Around 40% of the mind reacts to the nearness of GABA thus when an individual takes benzodiazepine which supports the action of GBA, they experience a general quieting impact, or an easing back down of the cerebrum. ‘It [GABA] is somehow or another the bodies normal trancelike and tranquilizer’ (benzo.org.uk, 2014). The neurons are less responsive in light of the fact that they have gotten supercharged by the nearness of chloride particles which have been directed through GABA receptors. The nearness of benzodiazepine (which finds itself inside the GABA receptor site) serves to expand the rate at which chloride particles flood the neuron making it less receptive to other improvements. Examine two points of interest and two weaknesses of taking benzodiazepine to diminish pressure The benefits of benzodiazepines are that they are anxiolytic (mitigate tension) thus decrease the physiological indications of a wide scope of frenzy and nervousness issue just as fears. They are likewise mesmerizing and cause sluggishness which can help with any rest issues that an individual may understanding (a sleeping disorder, or different sorts of rest issue frequently go with tension). Over a transient period at that point, benzodiaepines can be useful, particularly for the individuals who experience the ill effects of uneasiness and have upset examples of rest. Anyway they are exceptionally addictive thus can't be utilized for in excess of a multi week time frame, along these lines they are not an answer in themselves and hence they are once in a while recommended in disconnection. Normally a CBT is endorsed simultaneously with a course of benzodiazepine. Furthermore the body rapidly changes with the medication and increasingly elevated dosages are required to accomplish a s imilar effect. Scratches GP additionally recommended that he attempts intellectual social treatment (CBT) Framework the primary highlights of CBT and talk about its convenience in rewarding pressure. Intellectual Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a useful treatment which centers around issues in the present, instead of issues from an individual’s past. The customer and the CBT clinician will concur explicit objectives, and a procedure and timescale at the beginning. There is a solid accentuation on the restorative connection between the customer and the clinician and the customer is substantially more dynamic as far as trying the treatment; the abilities and methods got the hang of during every meeting is ‘tested’ by the customer in their schoolwork. They are to encounter straightforwardly through rehashed practice whether these procedures are successful. The general hidden suspicion of CBT is that maladaptive perspectives come from intellectual blunders which are to be tested methodicallly all through the cour

International: Economics and Australia

A PESTEL examination of the Australian market Australia is the fifteenth most extravagant country in per capita terms and is the sixth most seasoned constantly working vote based system on the planet. Australia has the fourteenth greatest by and large economy on the planet and the ninth greatest economy. Australia’s economy is open and inventive. Over the previous decade strong efficiency gains have been joined by low expansion and loan fees. Additionally Australia has low barrieirs to exchange and venture .Australia remote and exchange arrangements advance the security and long haul success of Australia in a worldwide setting. Australia’s economy is exceptionally defenseless to the effect of environmental change. In 2008 the Australian Government resolved to make an association called â€Å"Infrastructure Australia† to give another national way to deal with arranging ,executing and financing the countries future. Being a protected, steady and prosperous nation A ustralia is an undeniably appealing center for universal and provincial business and business operations.According to ongoing review it tends to be said that Australia’s financial achievement in the only remaining century depended on its bottomless rural, mineral and fills assets. Various elements have added to this improvement Informations and interchanges innovation is a key driver in financial growth,other considers, for example, propels travel,exchanging of ideas,broader accces to guidelines to trainings and so forth have additionally added to this achievement. Australia’s ICT showcase merits an expected $89 billion with all the more very nearly 25,000 organizations utilizing 236000 IT authorities Political environmentIn Australia, it is a liberal-free enterprise vote based system. The state continues meddling significantly in the economy using different jobs; for example the parliament may choose to set up importation charges planned to secure the national economy , or it may make ecological assurance laws expected to ensure the normal legacy of the nation. This influences universal business since when duties continue differing and expanding particularly there will be an effect on the economy which thus will influence the trade rates and cash rate.Also as indicated by the current circumstance as referenced in The Australian Financial Review 2010: there isâ fear that the hung parliament will contrarily influence the economy. Australia's pace of monetary development eased back down among July and September as the high estimation of the Australian dollar delved into send out profit. The nation's GDP rose only 0. 2% during the second from last quarter period, down from development of 1. 1% among April and June. Investigators concluded that Australian customers were likewise hit by higher loan costs. In any case, the Australian economy is set to keep on developing, drove by request from China for its crude materials.According to Michael Blythe, b oss financial analyst at the Commonwealth Bank, the most recent monetary development figure was a â€Å"disappointing result . Since Australia is helped by its immense fares of iron mineral and other crude materials, it has kept away from downturn for a long time. One of the nation's biggest iron mineral makers is the Anglo-Australian gathering Rio Tinto, which is expanding creation, has declared $7. 2bn in new interest in the area since July 2010. As indicated by studies Australia's economy kept on get-together pace in March as world interest for products supported the country's coffers.However because of ongoing vulnerability from the European obligation emergency could bring down desires for financial development later on. Financial Environment Australia is an island mainland in the Southern Hemisphere, lying among Antarctica and Asia. It is encircled by the Indian Ocean toward the west; the Timor, Arafura, and Coral Seas toward the north; the Pacific Ocean toward the east; and the Tasman Sea and Southern Ocean toward the south. At the end of the day its position is an additional bit of leeway to business since with regards to fare and import, Australia resembles a driving place.Much of the landmass is low, level, and dry. The zone of the landmass is 2. 97 million square miles and the populace is around 20 million Due to the brutal physical condition has urged individuals to stay near the ripe seaside regions accordingly urban and rustic inhabitants articulate distinctive financial and social interests. Individual home proprietorship is a shared objective, and the country has one of the most noteworthy home possession rates on the planet. In this way design and land business has a decent extension in Australia.Australians are among the world heads in inexpensive food utilization, cheap food outlets are abundantly, drinks bites and cheap food organizations have a perceived name in Australia and different nations since Australian gourmet specialists are know n worldwide for their â€Å"fusion cuisine† Australia is a significant territorial money related focus and an indispensable gear-tooth in the worldwide monetary framework. The Australian Stock trade and the Sydney Futures trade converged in 2006 to frame the world’s eighth biggest recorded trade. Australia has perhaps the most elevated level of investors in the world.Share showcase is one of the primary angles in universal business and since the measure of individuals who put resources into shares in Australia is high worldwide business is additionally advanced truly well. Exchange has consistently been an imperative part in Australia’s monetary thriving. The signs of its exchanging achievement have been solid framework and stable establishments. A talented workforce, rich assets and a decent agrarian base are included advantages. The merchandise and ventures charge (GST) is imposed at 10 percent and applies to practically all products and enterprises exchanges over the economy. Other than that there is just a level corporate assessment of 30 percent.When there was little extension for modern or business endeavors, the peaceful business turned into a key power in financial turn of events. Specifically, development in the fleece propelled rest of the economy. Gold outperformed fleece as the country's significant fare during the 1850s and 1860s, bringing about a fast extension of banking and trade. An advance toward privatization at the state and region levels of government has been picking up force since the mid 1980s. A few states, for example, Victoria, have grasped this move considerably more than others have. Australia is profoundly incorporated into the worldwide industrialist economy.The economy is solid in the administration segment according to merchandise creating enterprises which incorporate farming, ranger service, angling, mining, assembling, development, and vitality. It contributed around 31 percent of GDP during the mid-1990 s, while then again the administrations enterprises contributed 60 percent. Products delivering ventures gave around a fourth of business, with the rest gave by administration enterprises. In 1996 and 1997, fabricating was the most critical division. In 1996 and 1997, producing was the most critical sector.Another significant donor was the property and business administrations industry. Essential businesses in mining and farming are of key financial significance. The improvement of huge mines in some remote areas has been related with the foundation of towns and expanded business. Arranged by monetary essentialness, Australia's present significant exchanging accomplices incorporate the United States, Japan, China, United Kingdom, , and New Zealand. Australia is one of the world's biggest exporters of fleece, meat, and wheat. Australia is a significant provider of sugar, dairy items, organic products, cotton, and rice.The above being the fare of Australia the imports are traveler eng ine vehicles, media communications gear, and rough oil oils. Australia is progressively moving toward a data economy that depends on a high-expertise base. Along these lines, the laborers most in danger of joblessness are workers, assembly line laborers, and the individuals who become familiar with their aptitudes at work. Profoundly gifted directors, clinical experts, educators, PC experts, and circuit repairmen have the most reduced danger of joblessness. Social condition Australia is a country formally dedicated to ethnic and racial inclusiveness.For a significant part of the country's history, there has been an attention on absorbing diverse social gatherings into the predominant British Australian customs. Australia is a collectivity of differing people groups living in a generally youthful society. Be that as it may, the divisions inside the country keep on discovering articulation in open life, emerging from social contrasts in race, ethnicity, social class, and sexual orient ation. In spite of the fact that the effect of natural variety is exceptionally apparent in the conventional societies of indigenous Australians, it has not been as solid a factor in worker cultures.The most huge way of life contrasts are influenced fundamentally by varieties in atmosphere. Australia has six states ,Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales, Queensland, and two domains ,the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory, lion's share of the populace lives in urban regions around the coast. . The predominant language since colonization has been English, with little multi-lingualism among the lion's share populace. Australia’s culture can be almost certain supposed to be cosmopolitan.Factors that have formed the national culture incorporate the early little female populace comparative with that of men, which is said to have established the frameworks for an across the board philosophy of mateship. The association of Austra lian and New Zealand troops in World War I has been portrayed as the representative birth of the country. Australia is an advanced exchanging country and it is a differentiated and solid provider of top notch merchandise and ventures to more than 200 nations with a modern import showcase for items from everywhere throughout the world.The fundamental purpose behind this is the due to Australia’s dynamic and effective ocean and air terminals along the broad coastline which permits gigantic measures of iron mineral, coal and cluster of other characteristic assets to be sent.

Choosing College Essay Topics For Future Employers

Choosing College Essay Topics For Future EmployersIf you have been planning on taking your FSU Essay topic knowledge to college, you will be delighted to learn that the topic year for 2020 has just been announced. Although there is some confusion as to what topic to choose, most students agree that they will want to stay focused on their Essay topic. To find the top topics for your career placement exam or college course, consult this page to find out the most popular essay topics and career fields for this academic year.The top-ranked topic for the University of Florida is Politics, as it appears for all topics that are officially chosen by the Florida State University. Students will want to make sure they choose a topic that closely matches their major or career field, while still not overstepping their bounds. They will also want to know that they have at least one alternative, such as Government or History, so that they can switch between topics.The top essay topics for the Colle ge of Arts and Sciences are Japanese and Ancient Philosophy. The students will be exploring these topics in order to help them with their classes. No matter which topic they choose, they will want to be prepared for either a difficult or easy test.The top topics for Business include Term Research, Human Resource Management, and Financial Planning. Many students will want to complete an essay on each of these topics. Any discussion they can add to their Business career field should be included in their essay.The FSU Biology and Environmental Science are a close second, as they appear for all essays that are optional or student-penned. Students may opt to go for a writing assignment with a more specific focus, such as government to increase policy making. Students can select this option in the final year to help prepare for the Biological Science Subject Exam, to prepare for the Organic Chemistry Test, or to become aware of what's needed to write an essay on Biology. There are a wide variety of subjects that appear on the essay topics for all courses at the University of Florida. Students who want to find a balance between work and school should choose one or two subjects for their entire course, which is also required by the FSU curriculum. The different subjects include Physics, English, Psychology, and Social Work.The top theme for the College of Business is Employee Engagement, which appears for all programs and special interest areas. Students will need to present a cogent argument on how their employer is making positive changes to improve the performance of their employees, such as increasing the level of training and development, updating technology, or introducing new employee involvement initiatives. They will also need to consider how employees feel about these initiatives.Career Planning, the subject of many great essays, appears for all programs, but particularly for students who have a particular area of concentration in mind. Students will find th at they are given enough information on the topic to help them come up with the best possible topic for their career path. Whatever topic the students choose, they should make sure they are prepared for it.

Understanding Analogy in Literary Rhetoric

Who Is The Secret Of Success - 1582 Words

Secondly, Swami Sivananda once stated, â€Å"Put your heart, mind, and soul into even your smallest acts. This is the secret of success† (Swami 25 October, 2015). Provided that, one’s heart composes of two functions, in which one is to pump blood and the other one, is to embody one’s behaviour, emotions, feelings, and personality. Moreover, Andrew displays the capability of controlling his behaviour, emotions, and treats other people appropriately. Throughout the movie, Andrew was able to experience a diverse amount of emotions such as love, jealousy, affection, being scared, and happiness. Above all, Andrew felt devastated and heartbroken as he overheard Little Miss being told by her father that she â€Å"cannot invest your emotions in a machine† (Bicentennial Man, 1999). Unfortunately, Andrew is once more treated as a household appliance and more importantly felt sad, since it was impossible to be with the only person he loved, which was Little Miss. As a result, Andrew gains this desire to have facial expressions, nervous system, and etc.†¦ Nevertheless, it is because of Andrews emotions, which allowed him to persevere and build his true identity, therefore one’s emotions is strictly confined to that individual s identity. With this concept in mind, one can say that emotions are potent and relevant to one’s being because it adds depth and meaning to them, when compared to other individuals. In addition, these attributes makes an individual more of a different and sophisticatedShow MoreRelatedThe Fullan s Model And Network992 Words   |  4 Pagesto my final project theme. The six magical secrets: †¢ â€Å"Secret 1. Love your employees; †¢ Secret 2. Connect peers with purpose; †¢ Secret 3. Capacity building prevails; †¢ Secret 4. Learning is the work; †¢ Secret 5. Transparency rules; and †¢ Secret 6. System learn.† (Fullan, 2012). Implementing these six secrets by collaborative leaders utilizing the collaborative facilitation skills will open the doors to achieve the total success. Keywords: Fullan’s model, collaborative leadershipRead MoreFinancial Ratio Analysis : Victoria s Secret1706 Words   |  7 Pagesfulfilling consumer demands and maintain financial stability. Liquidity Measures ratios advocates that Victoria’s Secret is also capable of sufficiently paying for its liabilities as well as invest assets in a tactical way. Net Working Capital to Total Assets show that Victoria’s Secret is able to turn assets and cover their short term liabilities efficiently. Fixed Asset Turnover for Victoria Secret indicates that they know how to use their fixed assets effectively towards its sales revenues. They have theRead MoreSkills, Traits, And Characteristics Of A Successful Entrepreneur1210 Words   |  5 Pages an entrepreneur should develop the ones that are relevant to becoming successful. This paper will first examine skills, traits, and characteristics that are more important to have as an entrepreneur. Then, we researched and explored entrepreneurs who co-founded an intriguing online business that has gravitated to other countries and finally, we examine how they started the business and what they are doing to remain successful in their entrepreneurial venture. â€Æ' Skills, Traits, and CharacteristicsRead MoreThe Secret of Success1246 Words   |  5 PagesTHE SECRET OF SUCCESS -Khupkhogin Khongsai INTRODUCTION Everyone wants to learn the secrets of being successful in life. There are many people who have achieved success in this world. Success doesn’t come to those who wait†¦.. And it doesn’t wait for anyone to come to it. Most successful men have not achieved their destination by having some new talent or opportunity presented to them. They have developed the opportunity that was at hand. 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Essay about Character Personality Matrix - 1593 Words

Section 1: Character Personality Matrix Theory Major Components Structure Process Growth and Development Psychopathology Change 1. The Big 5 trait factor The Big Five Theory identifies certain traits that explain the personality of a person. It looks at the following aspects of a person: 1). Openness, 2). Conscientious,3).Extraversion, 4). Agreeableness,5). Neuroticism. A person’s openness is measured on the following factors: 1.) How curious a person is, 2). how truthful a person is 3). appreciation for imagination, 4). willingness to try something new, 5). traditional they are. An individual that scores high in this area usually are outgoing, curious, open to new things, and embrace experience. Individuals that score low in the†¦show more content†¦Agreeableness is being compassionate and cooperative rather being suspicious or hostile towards others. They will go out of their way to keep everyone in social harmony. Individuals that score high in this area are very caring, soft hearted, sympathetic , and make time for people. Individuals that score low in this area are unconcerned abou t others, likely to insult people, and prefer to be isolated. They are not happy people and do not make others happy. Neuroticism is demonstrated by always seeing the negative sides of things. People express this by anger, anxiety, and depressed mood. Individuals that score high in this area are anxious about things all the time, they feel all things are doomed, and easily display erratic mood swings. Individuals that score low in this area then to be relaxed, unemotional, and satisfied with life(Pervin,Cervone, Oliver, 2005). Will Hunting is a complicated person. He can come across as very confident at times. However, he is very insecure at the same time. He uses his intelligence to cover-up his feelings of insecurity. Two incidents provide excellent examples in the movie. 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These can be entrenched traits that can have a paradigm shiftRead MoreCompany Structure1082 Words   |  5 Pagescompany’s organizational culture, which is a combination of values and beliefs of its employees. He faithfully followed the principles of Scientific Management. The worker was paid on a â€Å"basic + bonus† system. In addition, Jack Pitts is a strong character, who runs his company in functional structure to maximize productivity and efficiency. As a Managing Director, Author Pitts wants to change the organizational culture of the company by trying to introduce â€Å"softer† management style than that ofRead MoreCoca Cola Marketing Strategy1350 Words   |  6 Pagesattitudes and demands of their consumers or face losing market share to the competition. Furthermore, consumers can easily switch to other beverages with little cost or consequence (Cola Wars, 1991). 2. BOSTON CCONSULTING GROUP MATRIX In accordance with the BCG matrix, I would recommend the following strategies for Coca-cola products in each category: Dog Strategy: Either invest to earn market share or consider disinvesting. Star Strategy: Invest profits for future growth. Question MarkRead MorePrimary Project Management Organizational Structures1604 Words   |  7 Pagesresources, efficiency further quality ropes the advent a persist in is through besides how goals again objectives are achieved. I will discuss following three organizational project structures †¢ Functional organization †¢ Pure Project organization †¢ Matrix Organization Project Considerations We can shoes project management structures on the basis of following project considerations. How important is the project to the firm’s success? What percentage of core work involves projects? What level of

Arts Of The Contact Zone Essay By Pratt Example For Students

Arts Of The Contact Zone Essay By Pratt In Prates speech Arts of the Contact Zone, she uses terms, such as ethnographys and transfiguration, to help demonstrate the reasoning Of her ideas. The main force of this essay is to explain how the various sections, such as Prates sons baseball arts and Gunman Pomp, support Prates argument. Pratt Starts her speech by sharing her sons experience which about collecting baseball cards. She points out that her son learned more than just baseball through those cards, those baseball cards gave her son the chance to learn plenty of lessons. For instance, he can learn about the history of America racism and also the struggle against it because he was curious about the difference between each baseball card. And also, collecting and trading those baseball cards gave him a sense fairness, exchange, and trust. Baseball cards opened his eyes and showed him the door o the world. A contact zone has both positive and negative influences. The positive side, for example, students have different culture backgrounds study in a same classroom. Under such situation, people are able to discuss their idea with different views and share their culture to others, However, a contact zone has a negative side, colonialism is one of the many examples. Following the story about her son, Pratt introduces Gunman pomp, pomp wrote a twelve hundred pages letter to King Philip Ill of Spain minion. This letterings in two languages and it can be divided into two different parts. The first part, Nouveau Chronic, was the main writing apparatus through which the Spanish presented their American conquests to themselves (Pratt 487). According to Pratt, Pomps first part of the letter is an ethnographers text. The second part of the letter, Been gibbering y justices, States that the collaboration between the Inca and Spanish is the only way to achieve a good government and justice. Gunman Pomps text is created With Spanish and Quiches. He does not simply imitate or reproduce it; he selects and adapts it along Andean lines to express Andean interests and aspirations (Pratt 491). Such process is called transfiguration, the cultural change induced by the introduction of elements off foreign culture. Prates sons baseball card experience and Gunman Pomps letter share one similar theme and each situation was a contact zone. As mentioned before, a contact zone can be either positive or negative. In Prates sons collection of baseball card experience, his activity with his other collectors not only helped him gain a better knowledge of baseball, but also a better knowledge of life. There was exchange of ideas or aloes through those baseball cards. The contact zone in Gunman pomps letter shows between the Incas and the Spanish and it was a negative example. There was no exchange of ideas or values under such situation because the Spanish conquered the Andean people and enforced new policies that were inequitable to them. In conclusion, Prates speech, Arts of the Contact Zone, introduces a phrase that a contact zone is an area where ideas, cultures, and values meet. It can be a positive or negative experience and also a chance to contrast a group of people about language, communication and culture.